Differences between top layer cowhide and second layer cowhide

Top layer cowhide (also known as top-grade cowhide) is the highest quality of cow leather, which is the outer layer of the cowhide that hasn’t been sanded or processed. It has a uniform texture with excellent elasticity and breathability.

Second layer cowhide (also known as split leather) is the layer beneath the top layer. It is usually processed or coated to improve its appearance and performance. The second layer cowhide is not as durable and high-quality as the top layer.

What is genuine waterproof leather？

Genuine waterproof leather is specially treated leather that prevents water penetration. This is usually achieved by applying a waterproof coating or using high-density materials.

What is waterproof thread and how does it differ from regular thread？

Waterproof thread is typically made from synthetic fibers like polyester or nylon and might have special coatings to enhance its waterproof properties. Ordinary threads might be made of cotton or other natural fibers and lack waterproof coatings.

How to distinguish between pigskin and cowhide?

Pigskin generally has a softer texture than cowhide and often has a distinctive “pore” pattern which helps in identification. Cowhide is thicker, tougher, and is typically used for applications requiring higher durability.

How to identify cow stomach leather？

Cow stomach leather usually has a more distinct texture and pattern, and it might be thicker and tougher than other types of cowhide. It can usually be distinguished by observation and touch.

Why cow stomach leather shouldn’t be used for making shoes:

Cow stomach leather is not typically used for shoemaking because it’s harder and thicker than other types of leather, making it unsuitable for creating footwear that needs to be soft, comfortable, and flexible.

Which is better: PU or rubber soles？

It depends on the application and personal needs. PU (Polyurethane) soles are lightweight and soft but might not be as durable as rubber. Rubber soles are typically more suitable for rough or slippery terrains since they provide better traction.

Differences between European and American safety shoe standards？

European standards (like EN ISO 20345) and American standards (like ASTM F2413) both set minimum requirements for safety shoes, but the testing methods and standards might differ. European standards tend to emphasize environmental impacts and sustainability more. American standards might focus more on the shoe’s durability and protection against specific occupational hazards such as electrical shocks, chemical exposures, etc.